Oracle files 10g

Turn the tablespace to offline. We could have turned the tablespace offline before the copy, removing the need for a recovery, but the tablespace would have been offline longer using that method. Moving the SYSTEM tablespace is possible using a similar method, but the database must be shutdown and mounted before the switch and recover can be done. For tablespaces other than the SYSTEM tablespace, you can move the datafiles while the database is online, provided you take the relevant tablespace offline during the rename operation.

For a simple rename in place, it should happen immediately. Table Audit Trail Record Data. Also, for an array, the values recorded are only the last set of bind values. Footnote 2: Process number is populated as ProcessId on Unix systems. If the database destination for audit records becomes full or unavailable and therefore unable to accept new records, then an audited action cannot complete. Instead, it causes an error message and is not done.

In most cases, using an operating system log as the audit trail destination allows such an action to complete. The audit trail does not store information about any data values that might be involved in the audited statement. However, this specialized type of auditing can be performed using fine-grained auditing methods.

You can use the Flashback Query feature to show the old and new values of the updated rows, subject to any auditing policy presently in force. The current policies are enforced even if the flashback is to an old query that was originally subject to a different policy. Current business access rules always apply. Fine-Grained Auditing for more information about methods of fine-grained auditing.

The operating system file that contains the audit trail can include any of the following data:. Audit trail records written to an operating system audit trail may contain encoded information, but this information can be decoded using data dictionary tables and error messages as follows:. This section describes various aspects of managing standard audit trail information, and contains the following topics:.

Any authorized database user can set statement, privilege, and object auditing options at any time. However, Oracle Database does not generate audit information for the standard database audit trail unless database auditing is enabled. The security administrator is normally responsible for controlling auditing.

Static means that if you change their values, you must shut down and restart your database for the new values to take effect. The parameter can be set to the following values:. You can capture both the SQL statement that caused the audit, and any associated bind variables. Note that changes altering what objects are audited do not require restarting the database. Restart is only required if a universal change is made, such as turning on or off all auditing.

If your operating system supports an audit trail, then its location is operating-system-specific. For example, when the init. When the init. The facility argument describes the part of the operating system that is logging the message while the priority argument defines the severity of the message. For example, the following statement identifies the facility as local1 with a priority level of warning :. In a multitier environment, Oracle preserves the identity of the client through all tiers, which enables auditing of actions taken on behalf of the client.

Audit statements that set statement and privilege audit options can include a BY clause to specify a list of users or application proxies to limit the scope of the statement and privilege audit options. The implications of your choice of auditing options and the specification of AUDIT statement clauses are discussed in subsequent sections. A new database session picks up auditing options from the data dictionary when the session is created. These auditing options remain in force for the duration of the database connection.

Setting new system or object auditing options causes all subsequent database sessions to use these options. Existing sessions continue using the audit options in place at session creation. This option generates a single audit record for each session created by connections to an instance. An audit record is inserted into the audit trail at connect time and updated at disconnect time.

Cumulative information about a session is stored in a single audit record that corresponds to the session. To audit all successful and unsuccessful connections to and disconnections from the database, regardless of user, BY SESSION the default and only value for this option , enter the following statement:. Privilege audit options exactly match the corresponding system privileges. To turn this option on, you use a statement similar to the following example:.

Normally, the security administrator is the only user granted this system privilege. The Oracle Database SQL Reference lists valid object audit options and the schema object types for which each option is available.

A user can set any object audit option for the objects contained in the schema of the user. The AUDIT ANY system privilege is required to set an object audit option for an object contained in another user schema or to set the default object auditing option.

One such possible cause could be an internal event set by an Oracle engineer purely for testing purposes. Other causes include conflicting configuration settings for encryption, such as the network not finding the information required to create or process expected encryption. Table shows four such conditions. Table Auditable Network Error Conditions. After picking an algorithm, the server was unable to find an index for it in its table of algorithms. This should be impossible because the algorithm was chosen indirectly from that list.

Not normally visible to the user. For further details, turn on tracing and rerun the operation. If error persists, then contact Oracle Support Services. Change the list to contain the name of at least one installed algorithm, or remove the list entirely if every installed algorithm is acceptable.

An Oracle Advanced Security list-of-algorithms parameter included an algorithm name that was not recognized. Remove that algorithm name, correct it if it was misspelled, or install the driver for the missing algorithm. The client and server have no algorithm in common for either encryption or data integrity or both. Choose sets of algorithms that overlap.

In other words, add one of the client algorithm choices to the server list or add one of the server list choices to the client algorithm. Use it to reset statement and privilege audit options, and object audit options. A NOAUDIT statement that sets statement and privilege audit options can include the BY user or BY proxy option to specify a list of users to limit the scope of the statement and privilege audit options.

If the clause is not specified, then the auditing option is disabled entirely, for both successful and unsuccessful cases. The following statements turn off the corresponding audit options:. Furthermore, to turn off all object audit options on the emp table, enter the following statement:. To turn off all default object audit options, enter the following statement:.

To disable object audit options for a specific object, you must be the owner of the schema object. To disable the object audit options of an object in another user's schema or to disable default object audit options, you must have the AUDIT ANY system privilege. A user with privileges to disable object audit options of an object can override the options set by any user.

The following statement turns off network auditing:. If the audit trail is full and no more audit records can be inserted, then audited statements cannot be successfully executed until the audit trail is purged.

Warnings are returned to all users that issue audited statements. Therefore, the security administrator must control the growth and size of the audit trail. When auditing is enabled and audit records are being generated, the audit trail grows according to two factors:. Enable and disable database auditing. If it is enabled, then audit records are generated and stored in the audit trail.

If it is disabled, then audit records are not generated. Be very selective about the audit options that are turned on. If more selective auditing is performed, then useless or unnecessary audit information is not generated and stored in the audit trail. The maximum size of the database audit trail SYS. After auditing is enabled for some time, the security administrator may want to delete records from the database audit trail both to free audit trail space and to facilitate audit trail management.

For example, to delete all audit records from the audit trail, enter the following statement:. Alternatively, to delete all audit records from the audit trail generated as a result of auditing the table emp , enter the following statement:. As with any database table, after records are deleted from the database audit trail, the extents allocated for this table still exist. If the database audit trail has many extents allocated for it, but many of them are not being used, then the space allocated to the database audit trail can be reduced by following these steps:.

If you want to save information currently in the audit trail, then copy it to another database table or export it by using the EXPORT utility. The new version of SYS. When auditing for suspicious database activity, protect the integrity of the audit trail's records to guarantee the accuracy and completeness of the auditing information.

Audit records generated as a result of object audit options set for the SYS. If an application needs to give SYS. To do so, you turn on the relevant auditing options for SYS. That is, SYS. With this function, you can read or write a text file in Unicode instead of in the database charset. Maximum number of characters for each line, including the newline character, for this file.

An exception is returned on failure. This procedure renames an existing file to a new name, similar to the UNIX mv function. Permission on both the source and destination directories must be granted.

You can use the overwrite parameter to specify whether or not to overwrite a file if one exists in the destination directory. This procedure adjusts the file pointer forward or backward within the file by the number of bytes specified.

You must know the number of bytes by which you want to navigate. If the beginning of the file is reached before the number of bytes specified, then the file pointer is placed at the beginning of the file.

This procedure reads text from the open file identified by the file handle and places the text in the output buffer parameter. Text is read up to, but not including, the line terminator, or up to the end of the file, or up to the end of the len parameter. The number of bytes read from the file. Default is NULL. Because the line terminator character is not read into the buffer, reading blank lines returns empty strings.

With this function, you can read a text file in Unicode instead of in the database charset. The file must be open for reading mode r. This function reads a RAW string value from a file and adjusts the file pointer ahead by the number of bytes read. This function tests a file handle to see if it identifies an open file. It does not guarantee that there will be no operating system errors when you attempt to use the file handle.

This procedure writes one or more line terminators to the file identified by the input file handle. This procedure is separate from PUT because the line terminator is a platform-specific character or sequence of characters.

PUT writes the text string stored in the buffer parameter to the open file identified by the file handle. The file must be open for write operations.

The file must be open for writing. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed without intermediate buffer flushes. This procedure writes the text string stored in the buffer parameter to the open file identified by the file handle. I added the following lines to the 'start' section:. You can actually control-click this URL and it will load in Firefox. However, it is rather more useful to be able to do this from the Mac. The client software will also allow other applications to connect to the database.

Maybe this is a configuration issue and as usual I'm just missing something. I'll update this page if I figure out how to fix it. Even so, it's a handy thing to have. You need the Oracle Instant Client set up first as it will look for a sqlplus executable. Now you can call gqlplus in place of sqlplus. It seems to take a little longer to start up, but it's worth it for the ability to scroll back throughprevious commands as you can on Windows.

You could call this using a slightly modified version of the above script, sql. Although the server process is started by default when you create the database, it will need to be restarted any time you restart the database. Enter the following command in CentOS, as the oracle user:. However, if you view the source of the page you can find the name of the stylesheet, which is. Note also that the traditional glogin.

Download from www. I must admit I was expecting some clunky Windows Java port, but I was pleasantly surprised. The Preferences are in the wrong place, but apart from that it's looking a lot like a real Mac application. Nice job, guys!

More resources are available on the official SQL Developer mini-site. I won't repeat the 'Getting Started' instructions here, as it's just a case of clicking on the icon. Start at the Application Express home page,which has many useful links including the download page,which in turn leads to the installation guide. The Companion CD Release 2 available on the 10g These accounts are listed at the end of the intaller log. Does that mean I can forget about it and carry on?

Not quite. When running the installer for the Companion CD, it mentions that it needs to go in a separate Oracle Home, but then prompts you with the current one. If you just hit 'OK' it tells you that you can't use that one.